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The knees are an important joint that take a lot of wear and tear throughout our lives. As the body’s largest joint, it is also one of the most complex, and it is responsible to bear the body’s weight. Because of all these factors, the knees are vulnerable to various types of injury and damage. If you have a knee injury or ailment and conservative treatment has not been sufficient to improve your pain and functionality, there are surgical options available to you.
The meniscus can be torn from forcefully twisting or rotating the knee, causing the “C”-shaped piece of cartilage in the knee to tear. The meniscus is a type of shock absorber for the knee and cushions and stabilizes the joint to protect the joint from wear and tear. Typically, a torn meniscus must be repaired surgically, as the meniscus has poor self-healing capabilities. Surgical meniscus repair usually involves sewing the tear together with high-strength sutures or special implants.
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee can be torn, especially while participating in high-impact sports. The ACL is one of the four major ligaments of the knee, helping stabilize the joint. The surgery is done arthroscopically and performed on an outpatient basis and the procedure reconstructs the ACL.
The patellar tendon of the knee crosses the knee joint allowing you to extend the leg and support your body weight while walking. The tendon may be torn by forceful contraction of the quadriceps while it motion, or by falling directly on the kneecap. During surgery, the tendon is reattached through small holes drilled in the kneecap.
A total knee replacement is really a bone and cartilage replacement with an artificial surface. The knee itself is not replaced, as is commonly thought, but rather an implant is inserted on the bone ends. This is done with a metal alloy on the femur and plastic spacer on the tibia and patella (kneecap). This creates a new, smooth cushion and a functioning joint that can reduce or eliminate pain.